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[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] Han Changfu pointed out that cultivated land is the foundation of agricultural development, the foundation of food security, and the basis of farmers' lives. The Party Central Committee and the State Council have always attached great importance to the protection of cultivated land quality. The red line of cultivated land is not only quantitative but also qualitative.
To protect the cultivated land like the protection of giant pandas, it is necessary to maintain the red line of 1.865 billion mu of cultivated land, and to maintain the bottom line of cultivated land quality of fertile land. Moreover, there is no room for bargaining to hold the red line of cultivated land quality. Specifically, in the future, the quality of cultivated land should be protected from three aspects: monitoring construction, use control, and compensation mechanism.
China's arable land quality protection work has entered a new stage
The Agricultural Land Quality Protection Center of the Ministry of Agriculture was recently established in Beijing, marking the beginning of a new stage in the protection of cultivated land quality in China. The establishment of a national arable land quality protection center, coordinating the local construction of arable land quality, and allowing the overloaded arable land to “break a break†will create conditions for the long-term development of agriculture and leave a fertile ground for the children and grandchildren. This is not only a key step in protecting cultivated land, but also an important step in building a new type of human-land relationship.
Cultivated land protection is not an easy task. China is in the stage of rapid industrialization and urbanization, and there is a great demand for construction land in various places. However, in some places, the cultivated land is regarded as the “Tanggu meat†of the construction land. The responsibility for protecting the cultivated land is not fulfilled, and the balance of cultivated land is compensated. They rely on a variety of construction land indicators to engage in the development of new districts, the construction of the park, and after leaving their political achievements, they leave an unrecoverable aftermath.
At the same time, the process of agricultural farming will also lead to the degradation of cultivated land quality. In recent years, the over-strength development of agricultural resources, "no seas in the four seas", led to a large proportion of arable land degradation, soil nutrient imbalance, increased pollution, weakened ecological regulation, and insufficient stamina. In particular, the degradation of black soil in the northeast, the secondary salinization of soil in the northwestern region, and the heavy metal pollution of soil in some parts of the south, the cultivated land has already lit a "red light" to people.
In fact, strengthening the quality management of cultivated land is a clear stipulation of laws and regulations. Overall, over the years, various localities have achieved positive results in the implementation of farmland quality protection. However, problems such as imperfect systems, imperfect mechanisms, inadequate functions, and cross-cutting projects are still prominent. As a result, the reserve resources of cultivated land are continuously decreasing, and the difficulty in achieving the balance of cultivated land occupation and supplement is becoming more and more difficult. The protection of cultivated land faces Multiple pressures.
Everything is born in the earth, and cultivated land is a precious resource for our country. It is a great event that affects more than one billion people. There must be no mistakes. The red line of cultivated land is not only quantitative but also qualitative. Only by tightening the fence of farmland protection can we build the cornerstone of national food security. To protect the cultivated land like the protection of giant pandas, it is necessary to maintain the red line of 1.865 billion mu of cultivated land, and to maintain the bottom line of cultivated land quality of fertile land. The quality is more subtle and intangible than the quantity, but there is no room for bargaining in terms of maintaining the red line of cultivated land quality. To this end, in the future, the quality of cultivated land should be protected from three aspects: monitoring construction, use control, and compensation mechanism.
Accelerating the monitoring and construction of cultivated land quality is the prerequisite for cultivated land protection. At present, there are only 357 arable land quality monitoring points in the country, and the representativeness is not enough. The monitoring content is still not perfect. It is necessary to combine scientific planning and encrypted distribution to construct an investigation and monitoring network covering the main grain producing areas and major agricultural product functional areas, and to consolidate the basis for investigation and evaluation. In particular, it is important to monitor the black land degradation area in Northeast China, the groundwater over-exploitation area in North China, and the heavy metal-contaminated area in the south, so as to accurately grasp the current status of cultivated land quality.
Adherence to land use control is the bottom line for farmland protection. In the same plot, the income from growing grain is far more than “planting†the house. Therefore, on the one hand, there is no room for negotiation on agricultural land, and it cannot be abandoned because of relatively low efficiency. The law must be severely punished. The land use should be determined by law rather than the will of the land owner or user. On the other hand, the new type of urbanization is people-oriented. Urbanization. To ensure the demand for new urbanization land, it is necessary to rationally coordinate various types of land for production, living, and ecology. Strictly control the scale of new construction land, and link it with the number of agricultural transfer populations, and let people go with the land.
Sound compensation mechanism for cultivated land protection is a means of farmland protection. On the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen the compensation incentives for the main body responsible for the protection of cultivated land. Promote the integration of agricultural-related funds at all levels, and according to the principle of who protects and who benefits, the village collectives and farmers who undertake the task of protecting cultivated land will be rewarded and linked to the implementation; on the other hand, the adjustment of interests in cross-regional supplementary farmland should be implemented. . Support the occupation of cultivated land areas through the payment of adjustment fees, industrial transfer, etc., to support the cultivation of cultivated land areas, so as to mobilize their enthusiasm for the protection of cultivated land.