"The same insect-resistant cotton varieties fight the same drugs. Why are there so many bollworms in this area? 'Disease wilt' is particularly heavy..." In fact, these phenomena are closely related to improper fertilization!
Fertilizer has been widely used in modern agricultural production due to its high purity, quick effect, convenient application, etc. It has made great contributions to the growth of crop production. On the other hand, rational fertilization can promote the normal metabolism of crops, increase the yield and stress resistance of crops; improper fertilization can cause crop metabolism disorders, resulting in the occurrence of pests and diseases.

According to surveys, excessive application of nitrogen can cause crops to have dark green leaves. Most of the carbohydrates are used for nitrogen assimilation, which reduces the synthesis of cellulose and lignin. The plants are long and soft and have weak lodging resistance. There is more accumulation of soluble nitrogen and crops are susceptible to disease. Such as wheat sheath blight, powdery mildew and root diseases, but the occurrence of wheat stubble is also more serious. Too much nitrogen fertilizer reduces the phenol content in wheat leaves, and the disease resistance also weakens correspondingly. Too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied in cotton fields. The cotton plants are tall and the leaves are dark green, which can easily cause the spawning of bollworms, resulting in serious damage. At the same time, the occurrence of cotton wilt and verticillium wilt is also aggravated. High water, fertilizer, and prosperous cotton fields lead to poor ventilation and light transmission, high humidity, and serious cotton bell disease and cotton leaf spot disease. The study found that with the increase of nitrogen application rate, the total nitrogen content in the leaves also increased, which increased the nitrogen nutrition of cotton spider mite, and the rapid development of the red spider population that lived on the high nitrogen leaves developed. , spawning more, heavy damage.

Rational use of a large amount of elemental fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and appropriate application of boron, zinc, magnesium, calcium, sulfur, molybdenum, manganese, etc., can promote the physiological metabolism of crops, enhance plant resistance, and reduce the pest register. happened. For example, phosphorus can promote the development of crop roots, boron, manganese can reduce the occurrence of yellow wilt and blight of cotton, increase production. The application of appropriate amount of potash fertilizer in potassium-deficient soil can generally reduce fungal and bacterial diseases, and it also has certain control effect on pests and pupae.

In the diseases of crops, it also includes a series of deficiency diseases. For example, when rice lacks potassium, brown spots often occur in the leaves; when the cotton is deficient in boron, the disease sees “bud but not flower”, and even the buds are small, easy to fall off, and the seedling stage has no head; when the boron is deficient in rape, it shows “flower is not real”. Symptoms; Maize lack of zinc performance "white bud disease", rice zinc deficiency "dwarf disease" and so on. Reasonable fertilization can directly hit the target, not only can prevent and cure a variety of physiological diseases (strain deficiency), but also reduce invasive diseases. The leaf blight of cotton leaves is a nutritional deficiency such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. It often occurs when the potassium is lacking. The application of potash fertilizer at the budding stage can reduce the incidence of disease, especially nitrogen and potassium. With the amount of coordination, the application effect is significant.

Reasonable fertilization is a science. In practice, it must be based on “testing and formulating” to study the influencing factors in depth, adjust formulas according to local conditions, conduct scientific and reasonable fertilization, and increase the resistance of crops while making a good use of high-yield shelves of crops. Reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, reduce the use of pesticides, and achieve sustainable eco-agricultural production with cost-effectiveness, high-productivity, and environmental protection.

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