Antibiotic wastewater treatment methods can be summarized as the following: physical and chemical treatment methods, aerobic biological treatment methods, anaerobic biological treatment methods and a combination of a variety of methods such as treatment. Materialized law mainly includes precipitation, coagulation, filtration and other means. Due to the complex composition of antibiotic production wastewater, high organic content, and a small amount of residual antibiotics, residual antibiotics exert a strong inhibitory effect on microorganisms when the biochemical treatment is adopted, resulting in complicated wastewater treatment processes, high costs and unstable effects. Aerobic biological treatment mainly SBR, oxidation ditch, deep well aeration and contact oxidation and so on. However, since the antibiotic wastewater belongs to the high-concentration organic wastewater, the conventional aerobic process activated sludge method can not afford to waste water with a COD concentration of 10 g / L or more, and requires a large amount of dilution of the yuan wastewater. Therefore, the clean water consumes a large amount of power, resulting in processing costs High, the actual manufacturer of wastewater treatment plant is also low. Anaerobic biological treatment of anaerobic digesters, anaerobic filter, upflow anaerobic sludge bed, anaerobic granular sludge bed expansion, such as internal circulation. Compared with aerobic treatment, anaerobic hair treatment in the antibiotic wastewater usually has a high organic load, sludge yield is low, the resulting biological sludge is easy to dehydration, less nutrient requirements, without aeration, low energy consumption, Can produce biogas, energy recovery, wide range of issues on water temperature, activated anaerobic sludge preservation of a long time, etc., get more and more widely GF applications. Antibiotics and their wastewater generate backgrounds Antibiotics are currently consumed more in China, most of which belong to biological products, that is, they are obtained through the fermentation process and are compounds produced by microorganisms, plants and animals during their life. They have the ability to selectively inhibit Or kill other microorganisms or tumor cells, is an important chemical for human control of infectious diseases, health care and prevention of plant and animal diseases. At present, there are more than 300 enterprises that produce antibiotics in our country and produce 70 varieties of antibiotics which account for 20% -30% of the world's output. The output of antibiotics has increased year by year and has become one of the major antibiotic-producing countries in the world. At present, there are still many technical difficulties in selection and production of antibiotics, breeding of strains and the like, resulting in many problems such as low utilization of raw materials, low purity of extraction, and high content of residual antibiotics in wastewater, resulting in serious environmental pollution. Sources and characteristics of antibiotic wastewater Antibiotic production includes microbial fermentation, filtration, extraction and crystallization, refining, refining and other processes. The main wastewater from food or molasses production of antibiotics mainly from the separation, extraction, purification of high concentrations of organic waste water purification process, such as crystallization liquid, waste mother liquor, seed tank, fermenter washing wastewater and fermentation tank cooling water. Therefore wastewater has the following characteristics: 1COD high content Antibiotic wastewater COD are generally between 5000 ~ 80000mg / L. Mainly for the fermentation of residual matrix and nutrients, the extraction solvent extraction process residual liquid after the recovery of the solvent discharged after the distillation residue, the ion exchange process discharge waste adsorption of insoluble antibiotics in the water fermentation filtrate and bacteria in the inverted Waste and so on. The concentration of these ingredients is high, such as penicillin wastewater CODCr concentration of 15000 ~ 80000mg / L, oxytetracycline wastewater CODCr concentration of 8000 ~ 35000mg / L. 2 wastewater SS concentration (500 ~ 25000mg / L) Antibiotic wastewater SS is mainly fermentation of residual culture medium and fermentation of microbial filamentous bacteria, such as gentamicin wastewater SS is about 8000mg / L, penicillin wastewater is 5000 ~ 23000mg / L. 3 ingredients complex Antibiotic wastewater contains intermediate metabolites, surfactants and residual high concentration of acid, alkali and organic solvents and other raw materials, the composition is complex. Easy to cause pH fluctuations, the impact of biochemical effects. 4 The presence of biotoxic substances Wastewater contains micro-organisms is difficult to degradation, and even inhibit the role of microorganisms in the material. Fermentation or extraction process due to the production need to add organic or inorganic and the production process of residual emissions of residual solvents and residual antibiotics and their degradation, etc., in the wastewater, these substances reach a certain concentration will have microbial inhibitory effect. 5 high sulfate concentration Such as streptomycin wastewater sulfate content of 3000mg / L or so, up to 5500mg / L, penicillin for more than 5000mg / L. In addition, the antibiotic wastewater also has the characteristics of high chroma, large pH fluctuation and intermittent discharge, and is one of the toxic and organic wastewater with high treatment cost and difficult treatment. Physical treatment of antibiotic wastewater As the production of antibiotics wastewater is refractory organic wastewater, residual antibiotics on the strong inhibition of microorganisms, can cause complex wastewater treatment process, high cost and instability. Therefore, in the process of antibiotic wastewater treatment, the physical treatment method can be used as a pretreatment method for subsequent biochemical treatment to reduce the suspended solids in the water and reduce the biological inhibitory substances in the wastewater. The current physical treatment methods include coagulation, precipitation, air flotation, adsorption, reverse osmosis and filtration. Coagulation method is by adding coagulant by stirring the charge-losing particles in contact with each other floc formed flocs, to facilitate its precipitation or filtration and achieve the purpose of separation. After the agglomeration treatment, not only can effectively reduce the concentration of pollutants, but also the biodegradation of wastewater has been improved. Common coagulants in the antibiotic pharmaceutical industrial wastewater treatment are: polymeric ferric sulphate, ferric chloride, ferrous salts, polyaluminum chloride sulphate, polyaluminum chloride, polyaluminum chloride sulphate, polyacrylamide (PAM), etc. . Precipitation is the use of gravity precipitation separation density greater than water suspended particles separated from the water or removed.
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