In 1996, research institute No.2 of Baosteel Group's No. 5 Steel Company introduced a 4.5-ton vacuum induction furnace from CONSARC of the United Kingdom, which was mainly used for the production of superalloys and special steels. At that time, there were two choices for the shabu-shabu production materials. One was the use of alumina-magnesia spinel as the base for the production of sand materials with good sand-graining ratio. The price was 18,000 yuan/t. The use of domestically-made fused magnesia, sand particle size by their own ratio, the price is 3500 yuan / t. The use of these two different sand, the price difference is greater, the use of professional production plant to the base of the aluminum magnesium spinel The price of a shabu-shabu made from sand with a good sand ratio is 18,000 yuan/t x 2.5t = 45,000 yuan. The use of domestic fused magnesia to make a crucible price is 3500 yuan / t × 2.5t = 8750 yuan. We have considered that the use of domestic fused magnesia to produce vacuum induction furnace crucibles below 1.3t has more mature experience, while the domestic fused magnesia prices are low. For this reason, we decided to use homemade fused magnesia to make a 4.5t vacuum induction furnace crucible. 1 Making 4.5t vacuum induction furnace with domestically produced fused magnesia The difficulties encountered in the initial stage of trial production After selecting the domestically used fused magnesia material, in the initial stage of the trial production, the comparison of the particle size of the magnesite in the 1t vacuum induction furnace was taken into consideration. The 4.5t vacuum induction furnace capacity is larger than the 1t furnace, so the proportion of coarse sand was modified. A total of 5 cockroaches were made in trials, and the furnace life was between 6 and 10 furnaces. This furnace age directly affects the production efficiency of the 4.5t vacuum induction furnace. This phenomenon has led us to doubt the appropriateness of the ratio of magnesia. Choosing and Determining the Appropriate Magnesia Size Ratio We all know that the particle size ratio of the sand used to make the crucible will directly affect the service life of the crucible. A reasonable particle size ratio is a basis for obtaining a low porosity, high density, good sinterability, high strength, and resistance to quenching and hot heat. A reasonable particle size ratio gives the best bulk density and ensures that the crucible has the smallest porosity. Through the review of various data, taking into account the combination of factors such as improved resistance to quenching and rapid heat, low porosity, high density, and high strength, we have made substantial adjustments to the particle size ratio of magnesia and have significantly increased within 2 mm. The proportion of particle fused magnesia increased it to 83%, reduced the proportion of coarse fused magnesia over 3mm, and reduced it to 17%. Using this particle size ratio, the yttrium was tried, Furnace age has improved significantly. I found in this demolition process that the cracks in the crucible were significantly reduced. The overall strength is greater than that of the coarse-grained fused magnesia. When the furnace was removed, it was found that the sinter layer became an integral part and it was difficult to remove the furnace. Table 2 below shows the ratio table before and after the improvement of the particle size distribution of fused magnesia. Plate And Frame Heat Exchanger
Removable Plate Heat Exchanger (RPHE) is a type of heat exchanger composed of a series of plates which are held together with gaskets. The plates are connected in a plate pack that forms a sealed Pressure Vessel. The plate pack is assembled between a fixed frame plate and a movable pressure plate and is compressed by tightening bolts.
RPHEs are quite efficient as they have a large surface area compared to other heat exchangers. Heat transfer within the heat exchanger occurs between the plates and the fluids that flow through them. One fluid flows through the plate openings in each of them, and the heat transferred is determined by the size and number of plates in the exchanger. The heat -exchanging process is repeated in each of the plates and the collected heat is transferred to the other fluid.
Plate and Frame Heat Exchangers have proved beneficial in the food and beverage industries where they are used to maintain a safe temperature during the processing and storage of foods. In addition, they are used in chemical manufacturing to cool the various chemicals that are used in this industry.
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