Soil moisture status is a key factor in crop root growth and has a decisive influence on crop growth and yield. Winter wheat is an important food crop in northwest China. Due to the uneven distribution of precipitation in time and space, it is important to maintain the moisture resistance of cultivated land during crop growth, increase crop water use efficiency, and reduce the irrigation quota for irrigated agriculture. Therefore, the soil water content tester was used to study the distribution of water in winter wheat. Has an important role.

In the field, five 5m×50m fields were selected. The crops were supplied to the soil moisture tester and a total of 5 straws were combined to cover the tillage and tillage patterns. The modes of no-tillage and stubble left were 10-15cm and direct sowing. Turn over cover, plow till depth is 35cm, cover comminuted corn stalks after ploughing; traditional cover, plough depth is 25cm, surface covered with comminuted corn stalks after ploughing; Shallow rotating cover, covering comminuted corn stalks after ploughing, The length of corn stalks is 5~10cm, covering the amount of crop stalks produced by the former crop.

When soil moisture content was measured twice at the peak of soil moisture, ie, the peak value of precipitation, the order of soil moisture content of the five treatments was no tillage, deep tillage, conventional coverage, shallow spin coverage, and traditional Plowing. Coverage tillage mode is more sensitive to precipitation than the traditional tillage mode in the depth range of 0~50cm where the crop roots are densely distributed, and can maintain the moisture at a depth where crops can be easily used.

The soil moisture tester showed that the soil moisture content of the five covered tillage patterns at the depth of 0 to 50cm generally decreased. The traditional cropland without cover had the fastest decrease in soil moisture, followed by shallow spin coverage, and the traditional coverage fell faster than the deeper tillage. No-tillage cultivation had the slowest decline in soil moisture. The peak-to-valley values ​​of 0-50cm soil moisture in the five cover tillage patterns basically corresponded to the peak-valley values ​​of precipitation in the study area.