——The 17th Sino-Japanese Rare Earth Exchange Meeting Recently, the seventeenth rare earth exchange meeting between China and Japan was held in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. Officials from the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, and related companies attended the exchange. At the meeting, the two sides briefed each other on the development of rare earths and copper, aluminum and other nonferrous metals industry, and to further strengthen cooperation and exchanged views. The two sides agreed that the adoption of the China-Japan Rare Earth Exchange Conference platform is of positive significance for promoting cooperation between the two countries in non-ferrous metals such as rare earths. Starting from protecting the environment and improving the efficiency of resource utilization, special measures should be taken to promote cooperation and exchanges between the two sides in the circular economy of the non-ferrous metals industry. During the meeting, the Chinese delegation was also invited to inspect the relevant local enterprises. Japan is one of the world's leading producer and consumer of non-ferrous metals, copper, production of recycled aluminum, recycled lead and zinc in the world, the global consumption also plays an important role. Development of Japan's Recycling Nonferrous Metals Industry Japan's renewable non-ferrous metals industry is developed, with nearly 100 recycled aluminum companies, mainly located near the central cities with relatively large consumption. The characteristics of the development of Japanese recycled non-ferrous metals are: 15kHz Ultrasonic Horn Bra Paper Cup Welding 15Khz Ultrasonic Horn Bra Paper Cup Welding,Ultrasonic Horn For Paper Cup Welding,Ultrasonic Rectangular Mold,Square Ultrasonic Compression Tool Changzhou Piling Automation Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.plultrasonicmould.com
Current supply and demand of major non-ferrous metals in Japan
1. Copper production and consumption have continued to grow. In 2004, Japan's refined copper production was reduced by 3.5% from the previous year, which was 1.378 million tons (including about 190,000 tons of waste and miscellaneous raw materials), ranking third in the world. 3.8%, reaching 1.43 million tons. Japan's copper mineral raw materials are basically imported. In 2004, copper concentrates imported about 1.2 million tons of metal, making it the world's largest importer of copper mineral raw materials.
Due to the increased demand for household electrical appliances and electronic components in Japan in recent years, the consumption of copper in Japan increased by 2% in 2004 from the previous year to 1.2 million tons. It is expected to be basically the same as the previous year in 2005, at 1.19 million tons. Japan's refined copper production not only meets the needs of the domestic market, but also has a certain number of exports. The wire and cable industry is the most important consumer of copper in Japan. In 2004, the sales volume of copper wire and cable was 826,900 tons (including exports of 30,500 tons), mainly used in construction, electrical machinery, automotive, electric power and communications industries. . It is estimated that the sales volume of copper wire and cable in Japan will reach 851,000 tons in 2005. In 2004, the output of copper processed materials in Japan was about 1,207,300 tons, of which 509,200 tons of refined copper was used, accounting for 48.8%; copper and zinc alloys were 454,700 tons, accounting for 44.3%, and the rest were copper and tin. , other alloy materials such as copper and nickel . In that year, Japan exported 182,000 tons of copper processed materials, accounting for 17.7% of its output.
2. Lead production is stable and consumption is growing fast. In 2004, Japan's refined lead production was 228,000 tons, of which the lead output of minerals was less than 100,000 tons, and the output of recycled lead exceeded 130,000 tons. It is estimated that the refined lead production in 2005 will be basically the same as that of the previous year. In 2004, Japan's refined lead consumption was 170,000 tons, and nearly 90% was used to produce lead-acid batteries. The consumption in 2005 is expected to be 196,000 tons, an increase of 15%.
3. Zinc production and consumption are basically stable. Japan is currently one of the world's leading producers of zinc ingots. In 2004, zinc production was 640,000 tons, ranking fourth in the world. It is estimated that the zinc output in 2005 will be 660,000 tons, an increase of 20,000 tons from the previous year. Its domestic zinc concentrate production is far from meeting the needs and imports in large quantities. In 2004, zinc production using imported ore raw materials accounted for about 70% of its total production; recycled zinc production accounted for about 14% of total production.
In 2004, the consumption of zinc in Japan was 477,000 tons, and the estimated consumption in 2005 was 480,000 tons, which was basically the same as the previous year. Zinc galvanized steel sheet is mainly used in Japan and other zinc, zinc alloys and zinc pressure casting production in which galvanized steel and other zinc consumption of more than 300,000 tons, which consumption is about 65% of total consumption.
4. A large amount of aluminum relies on imports, and consumption has grown steadily. Japan does not have electrolytic aluminum production, but it is the world's largest consumer of aluminum. In 2004, Japan's aluminum consumption was 4.35 million tons, of which 2.5 million tons of primary aluminum, accounting for 57% of its consumption, ranking third in the world, all imported; 1.85 million tons of recycled aluminum (produced 1.35 million tons, imported 50 10,000 tons), accounting for 43% of its consumption, ranking second in the world. Aluminum consumption is expected to reach 4.5 million tons in 2005, an increase of 3.4%.
In the Japanese aluminum consumption structure in 2004, transportation was 1.58 million tons, accounting for 36%; construction was 700,000 tons, accounting for 16%; metal products were 530,000 tons, accounting for 12%; packaging was 460,000 tons, accounting for 11%; 10,000 tons, accounting for 4%; industrial machinery 170,000 tons, accounting for 4%; export products 280,000 tons, accounting for 6%.
In 2004, Japan imported 3.1 million tons of aluminum and aluminum alloy. The main import sources are: Russia, Australia, China, Brazil, New Zealand, South Africa, Canada, Indonesia and so on. From 2002 to 2004, Japan's imports of aluminum and aluminum alloys from China grew at an average annual rate of about 50%. In 2004, Japan exported 70,000 tons of aluminum sheets to China, 25,000 tons of extruded materials and 15,000 tons of foil.
1. The laws and regulations are sound. Japan has introduced a series of policies on the recycling of waste non-ferrous metals, including the Law on the Effective Use of Resources, the Recycling and Utilization of Containers, and the Waste Disposal Act. The gradual improvement of the legal system has provided a guarantee for the promotion of the metal recycling industry in the whole society, and also created a favorable legal environment for the development of the recycling metal industry.
The Appliance Recycling Law, which was promulgated in April 2001, requires that home appliance manufacturers must establish recycling centers. Nationals must hand over used electrical appliances to recycling centers and pay waste disposal fees. In addition, it also mobilizes the whole people to enhance the awareness of recycling, such as calling on primary and secondary school students to hand over the useful waste materials from the home to the school for free, and then classify them and then sell them to the waste recycling center. At present, home appliance companies have set up 190 collection points and invested in 44 treatment plants.
The Law on the Effective Use of Resources Promotion requires that enterprises consider the suppression of waste generation from the product design stage, and the old products are used continuously. The effort goals and target values ​​based on industry and products are now determined. Object 10 trades, 69 species have been given for legal constraints, specified the industries of pulp manufacturing, chemical industry, steel industry, copper refining industry, automobile manufacturing, rigid PVC pipe industry, plumbing parts Manufacturing and copier manufacturing, etc. Among the designated varieties, automobiles, computers, and electrical products are aimed at saving energy and being durable. A copier or the like which is structurally easy to disassemble is designed. Personal computers are designated as recycling products, and computer manufacturers have already recycled them themselves for recycling.
The "Automobile Recycling Law" stipulates that the automobile manufacturer and the importer shall be certified, the dealer shall be registered, the dismantling system shall be licensed, and the respective obligations, legal responsibilities and expenses shall be paid. Specific provisions. Japan has no more preferential policies for waste recycling, but there are some subsidies from the government for investing in factories.
2. Advanced technology, high recycling level of waste non-ferrous metals. Japan's waste non-ferrous metal recycling technology is advanced in technology and high in recycling. By enforcing the "Container Packaging Recycling Law" and taking comprehensive measures to strengthen the recycling of aluminum products packaging, the recycling rate of Japanese cans is as high as 81.6%, double the 40% in the early 1990s. Moreover, the cans can be reused as a sheet for producing cans after being recycled.
According to the investigation of the Hokkaido Waste Appliances Recycling Company (HERS), the company was established in 1999 with a total investment of about 1.6 billion yen and a registered capital of 400 million yen. It is invested by Hitachi, Mitsubishi and other electrical companies, and the government subsidizes about 800 million yen. The design scale will process 300,000 pieces of used electrical appliances annually, and the factory will be flat when the processing capacity reaches 280,000 tons. The main source of income of the plant is the waste disposal fee paid by electrical users, accounting for 80% of the total revenue. The sales revenue of materials obtained after disposing of waste electrical appliances accounts for 20% of the total revenue. The plant is mainly composed of three production lines for disposing of waste refrigeration machinery, washing machines and television sets. It covers an area of ​​about 17,000 square meters and can be classified into steel, copper, aluminum, glass, plastic, etc. The production line is completely closed and running. Will not cause pollution.
3. Japanese companies have established waste non-ferrous metal recycling plants in China. So far, Japanese companies have established a number of joint ventures in Zhejiang, Hebei and other places in China to recycle and use waste aluminum. Due to the advanced technology, the quality of recycled aluminum products of these enterprises has reached a certain level and exported to Japan.
Japan pays attention to the development of China's non-ferrous metal industry Japan is paying more attention to the development of China's non-ferrous metal industry. The current hot issues are:
â— The growth of China's domestic non-ferrous metal mine capacity and the progress of overseas investment in mineral construction.
â— China's electrolytic aluminum capacity and output growth and export changes.
â— Japanese companies invest in relevant policies for the development of non-ferrous metal mines in China.
â— We are willing to further strengthen cooperation with Chinese companies in the recycling and utilization of waste aluminum.
â— Pay attention to China's large-scale import of waste aluminum from outside Japan including Japan.
Some views on strengthening China-Japan non-ferrous metal recycling economic cooperation Transforming economic growth mode and vigorously developing circular economy are important tasks for China's non-ferrous metal industry to achieve sustainable development. Developed countries such as Japan have already achieved successful experience in developing a circular economy for the non-ferrous metals industry and are leading the world in technology development. China's non-ferrous metal industry should learn from and draw on the advanced experience of developed countries such as Japan, and promote economic and technological cooperation to promote the all-round development of circular economy.
1. Learn from and learn from Japan's experience and improve policies and regulations on the recycling of scrap metal resources. Japan's policies and regulations for recycling used metal resources are sound, the recycling and utilization system for waste non-ferrous metals is relatively complete, and it has accumulated successful experience. It can learn from Japan's experience to further standardize and improve the policies and regulations on the recycling of waste non-ferrous metals in China.
2. Strengthen exchanges and cooperation with Japanese companies in the recycling of waste non-ferrous metals. Support large-scale enterprises such as China Aluminum Corporation and Japanese companies to exchange and cooperate with key technologies in recycling, recycling, product development and application of waste non-ferrous metals, and appropriately introduce some advanced technologies and equipment to build recycling of waste non-ferrous metals. And recycling demonstration projects to improve the circular economy of China's non-ferrous metals industry.
3. Learn the advanced management models and experience of Japanese companies in developing a circular economy for non-ferrous metals. Although China's non-ferrous metal industry circular economy has been continuously developed, there are still gaps with developed countries such as Japan. In order to narrow the gap with developed countries as soon as possible, special attention should be paid to learning the advanced management mode and management experience of enterprises in developed countries, so that China's non-ferrous metal industry circular economy can achieve leap-forward development not only in hardware but also in software.