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According to Li Dapeng, assistant to general manager of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum Group, the gas-oil comprehensive utilization project of China Coal Jingbian Energy and Chemical Industry Park started construction in 2008, and it has realized the joint coupling of coal chemical industry, petrochemical industry and oil field gas industry creatively. The complementary advantages of various resources effectively compensate for the lack of carbon-rich hydrogen in coal-to-methanol and the deficiency of natural gas for methanol and less hydrogen for carbon, and it also increases the use of dry gas in residue cracking for the production of methanol. The methanol synthesis conversion rate and resource utilization rate have reduced carbon dioxide emissions.
Taking the first phase of Jingbian Park as an example, the annual output of 1.8 million tons of methanol, 1.5 million tons of residue cracking, 600,000 tons of methanol to olefins, 600,000 tons of polyethylene, and 600,000 tons of polypropylene as an example, without increasing raw material consumption With the help of comprehensive utilization of gas oil, the annual production of methanol can be increased by 150,000 to 270,000 tons, equivalent to an annual saving of 255 million cubic meters of natural gas and 419,000 tons of coal. At the same time, compared with the same scale coal chemical projects, the project can reduce 4.35 million tons of carbon dioxide, 755 tons of sulfur dioxide emissions, and 1.22 million cubic meters of wastewater.
In 2014, Yanchang Fuxian Group's annual production of 1.8 million tons of methanol, 600,000 tons of methanol to olefins, 400,000 tons of light oil cracking, 200,000 tons of butyl octanol, 60,000 tons of ethylene-propylene rubber and other gas oil comprehensive utilization projects will be Put into operation. By then, the extended oil group will use the innovative process of comprehensive utilization of oil and gas and salt, and the annual reduction of carbon dioxide emission will exceed 8.7 million tons.
While reducing carbon dioxide emissions, Yanchang Petroleum Group will also use carbon dioxide flooding technology to “eat†large amounts of carbon dioxide. According to the plan, during the “12th Five-Year Plan†period, Yanchang Petroleum Group will actively explore and implement new oil recovery technologies such as microbial flooding and carbon dioxide flooding on the basis of consolidating the results of water flooding and expanding the scope of water flooding.
“At present, only several major coal chemical projects built in Yulin area emit more than 2.7 million tons of carbon dioxide annually. As other energy and chemical projects are completed and put into production, the carbon dioxide emitted annually by the energy and chemical industry bases in northern Shaanxi during the 12th Five-Year Plan period. More than 5 million tons will provide sufficient and cheap carbon dioxide resources for the extension of the oil group's carbon dioxide flooding.†Zhang Jiyao, general manager of Yanchang Petroleum Group, said in an interview with reporters that CO2 flooding will become the “12th Five-Year Plan†"One of the major oil extraction technologies, even longer.
It is understood that carbon dioxide flooding has long been widely used in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Turkey as a mature, reliable, environmentally friendly oil recovery technology. Although China has carried out carbon dioxide flooding technology research since the 1960s, it has conducted carbon dioxide flooding pilot tests in Daqing Oilfield, Zhongyuan Oilfield, and Shengli Oilfield successively, but it is subject to the shortage of carbon dioxide resources, purification technology, transportation and use. With high cost constraints, the technology has not been widely applied. In 2010, the major oil fields including the Daqing Oilfield used less than 500,000 tons of carbon dioxide for flooding, which is less than 1/40 of the United States.
Since the beginning of the new century, Yanchang Petroleum Group has used Shaanxi Xinghua Group to produce carbon dioxide as a by-product of chemical fertilizers. It has conducted several years of experiments in different oil wells in Yulin and Yan'an. The oil well recovery rate for the test wells can be increased by up to 45%. However, due to long-distance transportation, the freight rate is only 400 yuan per ton of carbon dioxide. According to the calculation of the production of 1 ton of crude oil with 3 tons of carbon dioxide, the loss of more than 300 yuan per 1 ton of crude oil increases, which limits the application of carbon dioxide flooding technology.
With the advancement of carbon dioxide purification and purification technologies, especially the rapid development of energy and chemical industry bases in northern Shaanxi, it has become easier and cheaper to obtain carbon dioxide locally in northern Shaanxi, the cost has become lower and lower, and the economic benefits of carbon dioxide flooding have become apparent. To this end, Yanchang Petroleum Group intends to use the carbon dioxide generated by the Jingbian Nenghua Oil and Gas Comprehensive Salt Utilization Project under construction and after purification and compression, transports it through the pipeline to the nearby Bailangcheng test area in Hengshan and Yangmijing sand in Jingbian. In the Bay-Qiaogou Bay test area, large-scale CO2 flooding tests were conducted. After the success of the two pilot areas and the accumulation of certain experience, the technology will be fully promoted.
Academicians Zhang Jian of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Hu Haifeng, deputy inspector of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of Shaanxi Province, and He Guangxuan, professor of the Xi'an Shiyou University, pointed out that CNPC, Sinopec and Yanchang Petroleum Group can rationally use carbon dioxide flooding technology in their later development, such as 20% oil wells. Using this technology, the annual consumption of carbon dioxide in the Ordos Basin alone will exceed 21 million tons, and the oil production will increase by about 700,000 tons. Economic and environmental benefits are significant.
With the acceleration of the construction of energy and chemical bases in northern Shaanxi, high-carbon emissions have become a bottleneck restricting the development of this energy base and even the entire western region. Some experts pointed out that the comprehensive utilization of oil and gas and salt projects and the promotion of carbon dioxide flooding technology are being implemented in Shaanxi Province. Carbon dioxide emissions will be reduced from the source and the end, and the economy will develop rapidly in the western region where energy heavy chemical industry is the focus of development. At the same time, we can draw lessons from reducing greenhouse gas emissions.