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The structural adjustment of the chemical fiber market calls for differentiation. China is the world’s largest producer and consumer of chemical fiber, but there are obvious structural irrational issues in the chemical fiber market.
From the demand side, according to relevant forecasts, domestic demand for chemical fiber will continue to increase at a rate of 10% per year in the next few years. With the rapid growth of China's economy, the pursuit of comfort, high-end, health care, and nature has become a new fashion. People's demands for clothing have become higher and higher, and differentiated and functionalized chemical fiber taking products have a great demand for space.
From the perspective of the supply structure, on the one hand, the conventional products have converged and the production capacity has continued to expand. Due to rising raw material prices and frequent shocks, the profit margins of enterprises' processing are squeezed to an unreasonable state; on the other hand, European countries, the United States, Japan, and other developed countries and regions block high-value-added and hi-tech polyester production technologies, making China There is a big gap between the degree of differentiation and technological content of chemical fiber products compared with advanced countries, and a large amount of imported differential fiber is still needed to supplement it. At present, China's chemical fiber differentiation rate is less than 30%, far less than developed countries. According to statistics, countries and regions with high rates of differentiation in the world are also the main source of imported fiber in China.
Taking acrylic fiber as an example, in China, only the conventional varieties such as nitrile polyester, colored acrylic, highly absorbent acrylic, and high-shrinkage acrylic are used for mass production. Flame-retardant acrylic (acrylonitrile-polyurethane) has been industrialized using imported technology and equipment, but overall The scale is not large, and some high-grade modified varieties have just started, and differentiated fiber varieties still need a lot of imports. According to customs import statistics, China's differentiated fibers imported from Japan, China Taiwan, and other places, especially differentiated acrylic fibers, account for 50% of the total demand.
Therefore, just as the general resin has the engineering characteristics through modification, and then seizes part of the traditional engineering plastics application market and becomes the new driving force for the continuous development of the plastics industry, the chemical fiber industry also needs to take a differentiated development path by increasing the added value of the products. To achieve differentiated competition among different companies, and then to improve the company's profitability and competitiveness.
Composite fibers are differentiated bright spot composite fibers, which means that two or more fiber-forming polymer melts or concentrated solutions are used to input the same spinning component and use different components, ratios, and viscosities. The appropriate parts of the assembly meet and are ejected from the same spinneret to form side-by-side, core-in-the-sea, islands-in-the-sea, and star-type. Composite fibers can complement each other to a certain extent and fill in defects. At present, the production of composite fibers mainly includes ES fibers, sea-island fibers, and juxtaposed hollow fibers.
At present, the main equipment for compound fiber production in China needs to be introduced from abroad. The single-line production capacity and technology leadership in terms of energy consumption, process tolerance, and product production flexibility, etc., but the capital investment in imported equipment is relatively large, which has hindered the new Investment into this area. At present, some companies are cooperating with domestic companies on the localization of composite fiber production equipment. In addition to the fact that the key components of spinnerettes cannot be made domestically, other components can be made domestically, so that the investment cost will be 100 million per million tons. Yuan dropped to 30 million yuan per ton, and product gross profit margin will gradually increase. At the same time, "low cost, high starting point" will also increase the efficiency of follow-up investment.
High value-added is a differentiated lifeline Industry experts have emphasized that differentiated fibers must be high value-added, high-tech products. Although in recent years, the relatively large chemical fiber enterprises in China have stepped up the research and development of differential products with their own technical capabilities, many new products have filled the gaps in the domestic market, and they have replaced imports. However, while pursuing product differentiation, some companies have overlooked another point: they have developed a differentiated product with low added value. Differentiated fibers are defined relative to conventional products, and specifically refer to products with high technological content and large profit margins. However, in actual production, many companies do not.
In order to improve the differentiation rate of domestic chemical fiber products as soon as possible, relevant experts suggested that first, to speed up the upgrading of products and achieve a leap from quantity to quality. The second is to open up potential markets, develop potential markets in rural areas and the Midwest, and give full play to the excellent performance of chemical fiber thermal insulation, rich colors, etc.; expand the application of chemical fiber in membrane materials, high-performance industrial materials for civil construction, and effectively cooperate with rural water conservancy construction. .
In recent years, the profitability of the chemical fiber industry in China has been greatly reduced due to factors such as poor economic conditions in the downstream textile industry. Analysis of the industry pointed out that only by increasing the efforts to develop differentiated fibers, and constantly introducing new varieties of high-added chemical fiber, can we really change the current domestic chemical fiber market weakness, post-processing enterprises imported a large number of unfavorable situation.